Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine and is characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or both). The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but factors such as abnormal gastrointestinal motility, visceral hypersensitivity, gut microbiota, and psychological factors have been implicated in its development. Treatment for IBS typically includes dietary modifications, stress management, medications, and lifestyle changes. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms of IBS, improving diagnostic criteria, developing new treatment options, and exploring the impact of diet and gut microbiota on the condition.